Symbols
The first step in logo design is choosing the right symbol to accompany the name of your company. Designing a symbol from scratch can be very difficult. Initially its a good idea to derive symbols from a real world object. A symbol can be abstract and should not be too detailed. Remember that logos are used in both large and small print. Too much detail will be lost in small print. The simplest of symbols are modeled on basic shapes. However, you could also model a symbol on an animal or structure.
Colors
Choosing colors is generally a mater of personal taste. However there are certain constraints. The majority of logos consist of 2 dominant colors. You can use multiple shades of the same colour. Colors should work together in harmony.
Fonts
The font will depend entirely on the image you wish to project. Fonts are generally divided into 2 categories, serif and sans-serif. Serif fonts contain glyphs and are fancy and often pretty. Sans-serif fonts are clean and modern and are more suited for a coorporate image.
A coorporate image requires a clean sans-serif font. A coorporate font should look impossing. It should convey a sence of power and dominance.
A personal/fun image requies a serif font with fancy glyphs. Serif fonts are by nature fun. They have an inherent quirkyness that lends itself perfectly to creating an energetic and inspiring logo.
A professional image requires either a serif of sans serif font. Here it is entired based on personal preference. Both serif and sans-serif fonts can portray a professional business.